evaluating reconstruction quizlet

Powerful families regularly disagree on who should gain control over which resources. Women still could not vote. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. There were those who used their positions for exploitation. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. The teacher may also wish to begin thinking about how the class is to be divided into small groups (3-5 is suggestedbut the teacher should judge the correct size based on the size of the class) as several of the activities in this lesson involve small group work. Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. It gave native born blacks citizenship. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. WebEvaluating Reconstruction Directions: Watch Crash Course #22 and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., The worksheet provided in the Text Document for Activity 1 asks two sets of questions: one set relates to the document, and the other relates to the corresponding section of the interactive. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream Congressmen? Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. What tactic was used? Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W This helped to shape the national political debate for generations. List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. Sharecropping. Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. Think. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. Which group was still not aloud to vote? they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. They gave land to the railroads. Who did it benefit? The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? #;ou20/. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. Instead, Johnson focused primarily on putting Union-loyal white leaders in place in Southern statehouses. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. Removing #book# %PDF-1.5 % The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. Gave blacks curfews and did not allow them to carry guns. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next &!O3bsJ!WK^86QP91IDY LcB=G[s^P`~`AB)Pd~yfOqbS(ox2GWb{quG9sX }Lg U[* Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. However, Congress refused to seat the newly elected senators and representatives from the South. The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d While much progress could be seen in things like the exponential growth of railroads, even an optimistic reading of these barometers had to be tempered by an acknowledgement that doubling track mileage does not amount to much when the starting point was so low. Who had been his early political supporters? Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. The 10 year period after the Civil War is. There was no profit for workers. It abolished slavery in the United States. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific? Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which granted blacks born in the United States the same rights as white citizens, also became law (in April) over the president's objection. Question 4 He talked about punishing the traitors and breaking up the large plantations, but at the same time, he supported states' rights and had little sympathy for blacks. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? The WadeDavis Bill was proposed by the Radical Republicans who sought to punish the South for their rebellion and to reinforce the expectation of loyalty and obedience to the federal government. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. 5. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. his early supporters were farmers in east Tennessee who didn't own slaves. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? one of the closest races in American history. The Reconstruction Era was a transformative period in U.S. history that took place during the Civil War era. Connect to Life Which speaker's view of love appeals more to you? What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? D 7. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. many became sharecroppers. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. Equality at the ballot box would be a work in progress for decades to come. Who was it supposed to help? Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. Once you are finished, click the button below. Both Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmer did not own the land they farmed, but received a share of the profits of the crops Tenant Farmers : Were mostly poor whites who lived and farmed on someone else's land, owned a few tools or supplies which enabled them to make a small profit, because they need not borrow as much on credit. 0. Why did white southerners move to take the vote away from blacks at the end of the century? The Reconstruction Act was refined by subsequent legislation. The Southerners saw the Freedmen's Bureau as an organization giving free food to freedmen but never requiring them to work, making them lazy. The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. RZhC Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? What was the "Swing 'Round the Circle"? It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. The term was used derisively by white Southern Democrats who opposed Reconstruction legislation. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? pF{:RTV Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. 436 0 obj <>stream Was corruption now any less? This meant that the huge majorities Republicans then enjoyed were, so to speak, operating on borrowed time. It helped the Republicans seat more than 2/3 majority in the House and Congress. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. The sentence contains at least one complement. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. Congressional Reconstruction. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? The speeches backfired. The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social.