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This clustering of behaviours is important, since the negative health outcomes associated with multiple lifestyle risk factors are greater than the sum of individual health risk behaviours [27]. Panoutsopoulos, Georgios I. Multi-comparison post-hoc tests with Sidak correction were carried out to aid interpretation of significant factors in the GLM. 1 In China, approximately 46% of adults and 15% of children are obese or overweight 2,3 and the obesity population is increasing dramatically with elevated consumption of high-calorie foods and adoption of a more sedentary lifestyle. You can't lose weight even when you increase your physical activity and stick to a low-calorie diet for many months. Yoshimura, Ryuichi Obesity causes problems with infertility, and in early gestation it causes spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. This email provided study details and emphasised that students did not have to be eating a healthy diet to participate. Among reception-aged children, those aged four and five, the rates of obesity rose from 9.9% in 2019-20 to 14.4% in 2020-21. Such weight gain may have long-term repercussions, since overweight during young adulthood has been identified as a significant predictor of obesity later in life [11]. Therefore, we sought to determine the relationship between increasing weight status and fitness within a sample of children and adolescents from New York City public schools. Only health sciences students were recruited at the University of Southampton, because of logistical issues in distribution of the survey. Aim: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among healthcare science college students at private university in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, contemporary policy to limit red meat and alcohol consumption has greatest relevance to male students. Results Two-hundred sixty-eight articles were included comprising . 2015;2015:639239 Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/apm/2015/639239/. I am the Professor of Cultural Studies at Flinders University (Australia), Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce (RSA) and Director of the Popular Culture Collective. Central London location. Pigott S, Bates B, Nass L. Socio-demographic characteristics of the NDNS RP sample - National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Physical activity can protect against weight gain, but globally, people just aren't doing enough of it. 2022. ; Seventy-three percent of college students admit to an unhealthy diet and rarely exercise, with a lack of motivation, time, and convenience being the common denominators. In contrast, other student-specific research has failed to detect an association between eating habits and age (or year of study), although most of these studies have not collected detailed dietary data [2, 4, 10, 26]. Lead a dynamic research team in the activity of national food consumption surveys in Ireland including the impact of dietary intake on population health. 2007;10:20311. The majority of students were White British (n=911; 62.9%) and registered for full-time study (n=1394; 96.3%). Universities in particular may represent a setting in which dietary behaviours are open to change and large groups of young adults can be reached, representing an appropriate target for health promotion efforts. Maternal education data for Ulster, KCL, St Andrews & Southampton corroborated these differences (data for University of Sheffield not available). Furthermore, their analytical approach has been on single foods and/or nutrients, which has allowed assessment of intake relative to dietary recommendations. Senior Lecturer (Biological Sciences) and Head of NutRI research group at Munster Technological University in Cork, Ireland. Kudo, Takashi There are also indications of high intakes of confectionery and fast foods, and low consumption of fruit and vegetables [3, 4]. Students tending to the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern reported spending more money on food each week. and It has identified a number of antecedents of both healthful and unhealthful dietary practices. A dietary patterns approach has been used widely in various UK population groups, but has not been employed to characterise the diets of university students. Northstone K, Smith AD, Cribb VL, Emmett PM. Associations with sociodemographic variables were assessed through general linear modelling. This study was conducted as part of EFSs PhD project. Int J Obes. Each participant gave informed consent on the first page of the web-survey. The selected 70 students were associated with obesity risk factors about obesity (owerveight or normal weight and they were in the risk group in terms of obesity according to the risk rating scales, and between 19-24 years old) and randomly assigned to the experimental (35 students) and control group (35 students). The . This approach also allows greater insight into the different patterns of food consumption that naturally occur within a population and facilitates identification of sub-groups who may be most in need of health promotion efforts. Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) students accounted for 25.1% of students living permanently in the UK. Less healthful dietary patterns were positively associated with lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. EFS was primarily responsible for data collection and analysis, with advice from JMR. Public Health Nutr. Chen, Xiaomei There were strong positive correlations (0.5r<0.6; p<0.01) between the vegetarian pattern and energy-adjusted intakes of fibre, copper and thiamin. It should be noted that we used previously well-proven or validated questionnaires. All authors contributed to revisions and approval of the final manuscript. These patterns explained approximately one fifth of the variance in food intake. The vegetarian, snacking and health-conscious patterns identified here are analogous to those previously reported in adult and adolescent UK populations [22, 23]. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. There was lack of fit in statistical models for convenience, red meat and alcohol, and vegetarian dietary patterns. Informed consent for participation was obtained on the first page of the web-survey. This study utilized longitudinal data from the NYC Fitnessgram . 2013;17:147685. These conditions include: metabolic syndrome type 2 diabetes high. The present study explores contextual factors affecting overweight and obesity among university students in China and, in particular, focuses on how the SES-obesity relationship varies across different . Using multivariate statistical techniques to identify dietary patterns through intake of multiple interrelated food groups captures the complexity and multidimensional nature of diet, which is representative of real life food consumption [17]. The following socio-demographic information was collected: age; gender; degree programme and year of study; full/part-time study; nature of term-time residence; ethnicity; religion; socioeconomic status (SES); maternal education; and university attended. 2017). This component was labelled snacking, because it was mainly characterised by snack-type foods that generally did not represent components of main meals, require no preparation and offered many options for mobile consumption. Indeed it is noteworthy that these two patterns were additionally positively correlated with energy intake and did not feature fruit and vegetables; dependence on such a pattern may increase risk of positive energy balance and hence weight gain. We obtained weight change by subtracting, for each individual, self-reported weights collected at the different time points. Sprake, E.F., Russell, J.M., Cecil, J.E. Wrieden WL, Anderson AS, Longbottom PJ, Valentine K, Stead M, Caraher M, et al. Indeed, the BMI distributions were also biased towards healthy, in keeping with other student surveys [4, 26]. University represents a key transition into adulthood for many adolescents but there are associated concerns about health and behaviours. Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of becoming overweight and obese in childhood and adolescence, and reducing the risk of obesity in adulthood. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Int J Obes. Lower scores were independently associated with living alone (p=0.026) and spending less money on food (p<0.001). Friendship quality, body dissatisfaction, dieting & disordered eating in adolescent girls. Chen, Leqin Eur J Clin Nutr. Body Image. Pearsons product moment correlation coefficients were calculated between pattern scores and absolute nutrient intakes. The latter figure is less than that reported in a survey of over 3000 university students studying in Northern Ireland, which reported that 22% of students did not eat meat [3]. After qualifying in 2000, have been very fortunate to work in a wide variety of specialities including acute hospital dietitian, HEN specialist, Diabetes, Obesity and Public Health. The snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns have common features with published data on the food preferences of British university students [2, 4]. Table2 shows the factor loadings of each of the food groups in the four dietary components retained. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Cite this article. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. The first component explained 8.4% variance; the three remaining components explained 5.7%, 4.2% and 3.4% of the variance in food intake respectively. Risk factors of overweight/obesity-related lifestyles Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521001483, Reference Vadeboncoeur, Townsend and Charlie Foster, Reference Cutillas, Herrero and de San Eustaqui, Reference Balgoon, Al-Zahrani and Alkhattabi, Reference Coli Bari, Satali and Lukesi, Reference El Ansari, Stock and Mikolajczyk, Reference Hultgren, Turrisi and Cleveland, Reference El Ansari, Ssewanyana and Stock, Reference Lieberman, Marriott and Williams, Reference Bennasar-Veny, Yaez and Jordi Pericas, Reference Moreno-Gmez, Romaguera-Bosch and Tauler-Riera, Reference Telleria-Aramburu, Rocandio and Rebato, Reference Marfell-Jones, Olds and Stewart, Reference Bray, Bouchard, James, Bray, Bouchard and James, Reference Telleria-Aramburu, Alegria-Lertxundi and Arroyo-Izaga, Reference Romaguera, Gracia-Lavedan and Molinuevo, Reference Sotos-Prieto, Bhupathiraju and Falcon, Reference Carbajal, Snchez-Muniz, Garca-Arias and Garca- Fernndez, Reference Ortega, Lpez-Sobaler and Andrs, Reference Panagiotakos, Milias and Pitsavos, Reference Garca-Meseguer, Cervera and Vico, Reference Panagiotakos, Pitsavos and Stefanadis, Reference Healton, Vallone and McCausland, Reference Zaccagni, Barbieri and Gualdi-Russo, Reference Jaalouk, Matar Boumosleh and Helou, Reference Garca-Meseguer, Delicado-Soria and Serrano-Urrea, Reference Whatnall, Patterson and Brookman, Reference Vereecken, Covents and Sichert-Hellert, Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network, Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach, Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries, A meta-analysis of weight gain in first year university students: is freshman 15 a myth, Addressing nutritional issues in the college-aged client: strategies for the nurse practitioner, Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and dieting attitudes among Caucasian and African American college students in Eastern North Carolina: a cross-sectional survey, Prevalence of overweight/obesity and central obesity and its associated factors among a sample of university students in India, Prevalence of overweight and central obesity and their relationship with blood pressure among college students in Shandong, China, Estudio de hbitos alimentarios y estilos de vida de los universitarios espaoles (Study of Food Habits and Lifestyles of Spanish University Students). Siguen patrones de dieta mediterrnea los universitarios espaoles? The convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern shares features (positive factor loadings for red meat, chips, alcohol) with a major dietary pattern (labelled drinker/social) reported among approximately 480 2025year olds in Northern Ireland, derived from 7-day diet history data [24]. Thabethe was a final year Bsc Dietics and Human Nutrition student at the University of KwaZulu Natal when she was crowned the Miss SA runner up in 2022. However, little research has examined the magnitude of this relationship in youth with severe obesity. In addition, the set of protocolised measurements used in this study generated a large amount of data regarding behavioural determinants of overweight/obesity and interrelationships among them, in a community of university students. (Do the Spanish University students follow Mediterranean dietary patterns? The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20 was used for all statistical analyses. Just over one-third of students were studying a health-related degree. 2022. In Model 2, the five significant demographic factors identified in Model 1 remained independently associated with health-conscious pattern scores. Detopoulou, Paraskevi Associate Professor in Nutrition at Kingston University . Nutr Rev. If they are overweight or obese, they will carry the wrong impression to the general population. These universities had responded positively to an invitation to participate in the research study; contact was made via university Human Nutrition or Health Sciences departments. JC & LKP facilitated recruitment of students from the University of St Andrews and Ulster University, respectively. Dietary analyses revealed four major dietary patterns: vegetarian; snacking; health-conscious; and convenience, red meat & alcohol. Dietary intakes - National Diet and Nutrition Survey. The . In terms of eating behaviours of the sample, just under two-thirds of students described themselves as regular meat-eaters, whilst approximately 10% of students identified themselves as vegetarian. One important aspect relates to diet and there is emerging evidence that university students may consume poor quality diets, with potential implications for body weight and long-term health. Missing data on social class for students at the University of Sheffield precluded adjustment for this possibility. and M. A.-I. Ideally, the sampling frame would have included a greater number of universities and involved stratification by year of study, subject group and socioeconomic indices in order to give a nationally representative profile of student eating patterns. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. The wider literature consistently reports a positive association between socioeconomic status and diet quality across UK population groups [21, 23, 28]. Gendered food preferences were also evident, especially in relation to meat consumption. Por lo tanto, la puntuacin mxima para el ICD fue de 50 puntos. Elika Guide, DIAL software for assessing diets and food calculations (for Windows, version 2.12), Department of Nutrition (UCM) & Alce Ingeniera, MedDietScore: a computer program that evaluates the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and its relation to cardiovascular disease risk, Adherence to Mediterranean diet in a Spanish university population, Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Well-being, Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update, Smoking, obesity, and their co-occurrence in the United States: cross sectional analysis, Relationship between smoking and obesity among women, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Body composition and physical activity in Italian university students, Relationship between attitudes toward healthy eating and dietary behaviour, lifestyle and demographic factors in a representative sample of Irish adults, 40-year trends in meal and snack eating behaviours of American adults, Dietary patterns, their covariates, and associations with severity of depressive symptons among university students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study, Fiber patterns in young adults living in different environments (USA, Spain, Tunisia). Examination of scatter plots revealed no evidence of non-linear relationships between component scores and nutrient intakes. Article Mccourt HJ, Draffin CR, Woodside JV, Cardwell CR, Young IS, Hunter SJ, et al. It should be noted that these models are developmental and clearly only cover some of the potential antecedents of following such patterns. Eating behaviour traits and physical activity as predictors of weight gain during the first year of university. The FFQ was piloted among 40 students at the University of Sheffield. All British and European Union students less than 30years of age at the five participating universities represented eligible participants. One of the main avenues that schools can use to positively affect health is also one most directly in line with every school's mission: educating students. Cookies policy. University of Sheffield ethical approval covered the research at Kings College London and Southampton. The authors responsibilities were as follows: EFS, JMR & MEB conceived and designed the study. Lack of sleep -another hallmark of the Western lifestyle-is also emerging as a risk factor for . View all Google Scholar citations Alcohol intake (energy-adjusted) was negatively correlated with scores on the snacking pattern (r=0.317; P<0.01). J Am Diet Assoc. Greater meat and fast food consumption among male students has previously been reported, and vegetarianism is more prevalent amongst female students [3, 24]. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK, Corporate Information & Computing Service, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2GU, UK, Medical & Biological Sciences Building, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF, UK, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK, Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK, Food & Nutrition Group, Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK, You can also search for this author in Results from Years 14 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008/20092011/12); 2014. p. 5560. . 2007;46:6783. Although obese university students in this study perceived the barriers to healthy eating as very important or somewhat important more than non-obese students, the differences between the two groups were not significant, except for two barriers among women. Food intake varied amongst university students. This scholarship at Bayes is being offered in recognition and honour of Iain Allan, now an independent consultant and an actuary who . Obesity (defined as a BMI over 30) can occur in adults and children. Finally, 45% of the current sample reported limited (or non-existent) cooking ability, being at best only able to cook a limited range of meals from raw ingredients. In the United States, 36% of adults and 17% of youth meet the criteria for obesity (Ogden, et al. 2007;10:5908. Dietary patterns of men in the ALSPAC: associations with socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, nutrient intakes and comparison with womens dietary patterns. The current study had a number of strengths and limitations that should be acknowledged. Several studies suggest that prevention of obesity in the young population is crucial. The majority of students (n=1000; 69.1%) reported a healthy BMI (18.524.99kg/m2); mean BMI was 22.8kg/m2 (SD 4.64kg/m2). Otsuki, Naoko A high prevalence of overweight and obesity was noted among the study sample, particularly male students. and Behav. The findings, published in The Journal of Physiology . Rare compared to occasional or almost daily - consumption of take-aways/ready meals was associated with lower scores (p=0.042). 2007;49:16976. 2014;39:50813. Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Dietary preferences also varied between participating universities. Bamia C, Trichopoulos D, Ferrari P, Overvad K, Bjerregaard L, Tjnneland A, et al. M. E. Barker. Student Organizations; MCLub Calendar; A&S; Give to MCLLC. Eur J Clin Nutr. J Am Diet Assoc. Br J Nutr. Northstone K, Emmett PM. Hung has authored more than 15+ scientific publications and served in numerous advisory roles.<br><br> Founder of Drug & Diet . 2009;67:8394. Methods: A cross-sectional . Socio-demographic and lifestyle data were also collected. Methods We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO for original studies of undergraduate students where an obesity trait was associated with a risk factor. Lac A, Donaldson CD. In this study, excess BF has associated with different variables of the healthy lifestyle score in men than women. contributed to the conception and design of the research, acquired and analysed the data, interpreted the results and finally drafted the manuscript. One in four students reported that they consumed meals cooked from pre-prepared foods, which could be assumed to represent convenience foods, most days or everyday. We have shown that both the snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns were least nutrient-dense. Existing studies allude to non-prudent consumption patterns, reporting low consumption of fruit and vegetables alongside high intakes of confectionery, alcohol, and fried, ready-made and convenience foods [2,3,4]. Numbers of students excluded based on fulfilment of various eligibility criteria. By using this website, you agree to our in UK university students. Compared with normal-weight students, overweight students had greater waist and hip circumferences and higher blood pressure, fasting and 2-h insulin, fasting total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and leptin levels. 1990;64:31929 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2223737. Age groups were prominent in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in males, but an exception in females. Compliance with dietary recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 5.