b. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms But moving near to the polls the region of rain decreases and with less rain and more sunshine, evaporation increases. physically deposited particles derived from weathered rocks, streams move sediments acquired from mass wasting, overland flow, and groundwater. These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. The lander makes a second buoyancy adjustment to insure stability once it has landed. Type of pollution characterized by unwanted or potentially damaging sound. D. Cycle D crosses the finish line. These waves are the first to form when the wind blows. -As the plates alternately jam and jump against each other, earthquakesrattle through awide boundary zone-Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offsetsplit into pieces and carried in opposite directions c.Types of Plates Continental Plate - Tectonic plates that lie under surface land masses - Thicker, less dense A breaking wave in which the upper section topples forward and away from the bottom, forming an air-filled tube. Teams will then be asked to answer questions, perform calculations, and otherwise solve the tasks they are given. =landfills, =burning of fossil fuels The sound reflects from the seafloor and is received by the second array of instruments. occurs when strong onshore winds push the water inland; flooding from storm surge along coastlines. Depends of surface sunlight and increases as the ocean depth decreases. An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spill into the ocean. +precipitation Dl _[\Bsd t:j9wfXz ]zT8S %HFO$e@ << /Contents 139 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 150 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 146 0 R >> /Font << /F4 147 0 R /F5 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /XObject << /X6 138 0 R >> >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> Their use for relaying data from instruments at sea to ship or shore is expected to increase with time. Other profilers, including some that measure sound velocity and microturbulence, are dropped from a ship to free-fall to the seafloor, adjust ballast, and return to the surface for retrieval. enables scientists to investigate the dynamic processes in the deep interior of Earth. Precise modern navigation allows ship motion to be subtracted from the data. Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. << /Filter /FlateDecode /S 137 /Length 142 >> Welcome to Dynamic Planet! Dams' affects: a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. About 3.5% of the weight of seawater comes from the dissolved salts; in a cubic mile of seawater, the weight of the salt in the form of sodium chloride would be about 120,000,000 tons. In these boundary currents, the flow is from East to West or West to East. Correct the mistakes in the following students +salinity The eyes of the fish are larger and generally upward directed. The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. The average temperature of all ocean water is about 38.3F. xc```b``f`a``eeb0$uAl+U)=7 -R``F1 Can influence conditions at the ocean surface. Raleigh, NC 27695. H%RJ3HNj('` Influencing other factors: Water flows in the stream at least 90 percent of the time in a well defined channel. Relationships between plants and animals of a biome having to do with what they eat. Freshwater in the form of vapor moves from the ocean to the atmosphere through evaporation causing the higher salinity. Particles in the water samples may be quantified with a transmissometer sent down the wire or attached to a CTD/rosette. Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules)2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA2019 Regional Test and answer sheet and figure packetDynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules)Dynamic Planet ResourcesGlacial Margin GeologyIce Core ObservationsProperties of IceGlacial Mass BalanceTypes of GlaciersGlacier Landforms and FeaturesGlacier LandformsGlacier Landforms pt 2Glacier HydrologyGlacier Global ImpactThe History of Ice on EarthIce Core BasicsMilankovitch Cycles and GlaciationLaurentide Ice Sheet RetreatIce Sheet ChangesStudying GlaciersCryosphere ChangesOxygen BalanceGlacial DepositsDynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, 2018 Dynamic Planet Regional Test2018 Dynamic Planet State TestCorrelation of Stratigraphic UnitsDynamic Planet Test from 2016NASAs Earth ObservatoryNCState GeoSciences YouTube channel. is the ratio between the length of the channel and the straight-line path length along the valley floor. +occur when shallow groundwater oozes or "seeps" from the ground over a large area and has no defined discharge point. Operates: In relatively shallow water on a cable or line triggered with a messenger FRv8lcbNj#f?2_b #R#HUur$,mJ Drifting sediment traps are used to study surface layer sedimentation, and such instruments as an acoustic backscattering device for collecting long-term data on plankton distribution are mounted on drifting buoys. what is the type of wind driven wave that is found in large bays or semi enclosed areas? the slope of the water table; the driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum decreasing total head. For researchers especially interested in the seawater-seafloor interface, a gravity corer can return cores up to 20 feet (six meters) long with little core-top disturbance. dynamic equilibrium A system in a steady state since forward reaction and backward reaction occur at the same rate; the rate of loss is equal to the rate of gain. We provide Science Olympiad sample papers for the following classes. Year Event Division Tournament Author Files; 1: 2022: Anatomy & Physiology: BC: Summer Science Olympiad Study Session: 25rat: key sheet test: 2: 2022: Anatomy & Physiology Is related to changes in temperature of a gas or object without changes in phases. An area of waterlogged soil that tends to be peaty; fed mainly by upwelling water; low productivity. Because it has nowhere else to go, it starts flowing horizontally until it reaches an opening and water comes out as a spring. is a hydroacoustic current meter similar to a sonar, used to measure water current velocities over a depth range using the Doppler effect of sound waves scattered back from particles within the water column. The distance and direction that a wave travels, The type of animal to most likely live on a sandy beach, A common toxic substance found on all muddy beaches. caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and earth. Operates: At the surface by hand or at any depth visited by a scuba diver =number of years recorded / number of events, Zone in soil that is not saturated with water and that lies above the water table; the upper soil layers that hold both air and water stream Notes: May need a few tugs to get a sample in water less than 20 feet deep, Samples: Bottom sediments without disturbing the layering definition of a catalyst: A catalyst increases the yield Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship for processing to give a vertical profile of horizontal water motion relative to the ship. ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( X" c !1AQa"q2U#BRVbr67fstu$3CS5Tc%&8d4DE' ? These channels tend to form in rivers that have a significant amount of sedimentary load. It checks its sensors as it descends and reports their status to the ship. Lots of great information on this channel!Tremor Tracker for iPadA model of Three FaultsInvestigating Plate Tectonics with Google EarthDiscovering Plate BoundariesPinterest Boardwith great Earth Science ideas from the National Event SupervisorResources for topics NOT in this years rules:Water Science USGSPhoto Glossary of Glacier TermsUMass Glacier Lecture SeriesThe Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resourcesProject OceanographyOceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science, Physical Address a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. When the ice melts in the summer, it releases nutrients into the water, stimulating the growth of phytoplankton, the center of the marine food web. +a linear zone where the lithosphere is being pulled apart and is an example of extensional tectonics. 138 0 obj 134 0 obj These robots, used for many years for simple oceanographic tasks, are increasingly sophisticated. even at the very bottom, life exists (A tiny single celled organism), Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Southern, Samples: Water Seawater becomes more and more dense as it becomes colder, right down to it's freezing point. a technique used to measure the discharge, or the volume of water moving through a channel per unit time, of a stream. As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. endstream These waves have a wavelength greater than 1.73cm. die Berliner Mauer. 8t. The Science Olympiad consists of interscholastic competitions for students in grades 6th-12th. It depends on wind patterns in the atmosphere. % +is a key process within the water cycle -from fires (wild and non) Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. The ability of a rock, soil, or sediment to let fluids pass through its open spaces or pores. New Business Models. They can repeat this process for up to five years. An ROV can explore, take photographs, collect samples, or handle instruments, operating around the clock for many consecutive days. the area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. a dome-shaped mound consisting of a layer of soil over a large core of ice, occurring in permafrost areas. Other floats drift for two months, surface to transmit data to a satellite, and descend again for another two months of data collection. Flow generally occurs only during the wet season (50 percent of the time or less). << /Pages 63 0 R /Type /Catalog >> A single wave crest much higher than usual caused by constructive interference. Dynamic Planet Division: B - Middle School NC Essential Standards Alignment: 8.E.1 Event Rules: None Event Score Sheet: None National Event Page: Here Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. Cycle A passes Cycle B. Ship-wire-deployed and free-drifting water sampling and incubation instruments measure plant nutrient uptake, bacterial incorporation of dissolved organics, and plankton feeding rates. Often, aquifers are naturally ******** by rainfall or other surface water that infiltrates into the ground. The load contains dissolved materials such as sodium and calcium. In addition to the resources on theEvent Supervisors page, Dynamic Planet Event Supervisors should be sure to use the following resources: 1999-2022 Science Olympiad Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit what tide is when there is a high water-low water sequence that is repeated twice in one day? Anchors are connected to holding lines with acoustic couplings that are released to recall the instruments. The Gulf Stream is an example of this type of boundary current. Find the number of sheets that need to be inserted. 38 0 obj This creates sediment, Fragments of rocks or minerals ranging in size, Clasts that are less than 0.0039mm in size, Clasts that are 0.0039mm - 0.0625mm in size, Clasts that are greater than 2.0mm in size. =chemical fertilizers and pesticides The channel is usually not well defined. direction of water flow is where two rivers come together. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. Topographic Features of Continental Margins. Cruises designed to study biological productivity may be guided by information from ocean color scanners that detect reflected light and interpret it in terms of chlorophyll content, which denotes phytoplankton production. When seawater freezes, however, the ice contains very little salt because only the water part freezes. The topic changes from year to year. The GMOA Notes also apply to most Dynamic Planet topics. These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. . A region where water temperature decreases rapidly with increasing depth, and a transition layer between the mixed layer at the surface and deeper water. emissions of gases, non-explosive lava emissions, extremely violent explosive bursts that last many hours; volcanic eruptions, a process by which glaciers form and spread; the forming, existence, or movement of glaciers over the surface of the earth. +this calculates the curvature of the body. What is the strongest influence upon tides? A delta formed in that area of a river mouth which is affected by sea tides. 133 0 obj -HRAC}HL_()O:)lW*18ORzw*BXt$O6H_g:6#MHA?j) l}U@7p>j Kd0}mkT*wv4#(t3DF (P40iDQ (b( 1C;PTB = void volume/total volume. "h5'*i#
N~E}hP 7KEQ ?UEGg*+&76~UR~59T\ Surface currents are powered by the sun and ______________. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line by free fall (no messenger needed) Almost microscopic algae and animals that are carried by current and waves. Water sampling devices range from a bucket dropped over the side of a ship to large water bottles sent thousands of meters toward the seafloor on a wire. A kind of sinkhole that tends to develop gradually where the covering sediments are permeable and contain sand. there is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave, the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth. A collaborative effort of scientists from several oceanographic institutions aims to provide accurate measurements at this interface particularly for the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). The southern boundary of the subtropical gyre is similarly associated with the maximum in the easterly winds. what is the approximate tidal range on dec. 3rd between 12pm and 6pm? In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. You can expect the highest spring tide when sun, moon, and Earth is in____? All rights reserved. =industrial waste These tides are a time of greatest variation between high and low tides. the circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to___? the sum of the evaporation of water from soil plus the transpiration from plants. The reflection of progressive waves by a vertical barrier. Recently developed dual-frequency sidescan sonar can even be used to distinguish rock types. Surface ocean, thermocline, and deep ocean. Notes: Any type of bottle can be used to capture surface water, Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean. a single channel that winds snakelike over the area it covers. The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. Due to the cold temperature of the water, the water molecules are slightly closer together in this region. A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent. =acid rain - In the U.S performed by U.S Geological Surveys stream gage stations Operates: On a cable or line (free fall) or by hand without a messenger ?I8EP the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents. These are the fastest flowing boundary currents. =deforestation what is a steep-sided and v-shaped deep depression on the continental slope? Each team may bring two stand-alone calculators ofany type. For example, are the gyres in the Atlantic and Pacific different types of ovals? endstream When one river 'robs' another of its water (see image), wetlands that form as rivers empty their water and sediment into another body of water. Home. Probably the most commonly used water sampler is known as a CTD/rosette: it is a framework designed to carry 12 to 36 sampling bottles (typically ranging from 1.2- to 30-liter capacity) and a conductivity/ temperature/ depth sensor that sends information to the laboratory so that the water bottles can be closed selectively as the instrument ascends. Blended Finance. Movement of saltwater into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is discharged/withdrawn faster than it is recharged by processes like precipitation. This measurement of volume of water flow is equal to 1 million metres cubed per second. +oxygen levels. New Business Models: exploring scenarios for cost reduction, revenue generation, and technology integration. With the light comes heat from the sun, which is responsible for wide changes in temperature that occur in this zone, both in the latitude and each season. In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. -from cars _____ operates by emitting short acoustic pulses along a transmitter beam, the central transducer. Is related to changes in phase between liquids, gases, and solids. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger Predetermined questions will be used as tiebreakers. Operating in conjunction with pumping systems, these instruments can yield organism samples as well as readings of the water's physical, chemical, and optical properties. The weight of the water overhead in the Mariana trench is over 8 tons per square inch. -velocity = distance traveled / time, = water depth * velocity * width 137 0 obj At the base of this mixing layer is the beginning of the thermocline. the ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the___? slows the movement of water and increases evaporation from reservoirs; may hold water back, store water, control flooding, and generate electricity. = average water velocity * volume of pre-determined crosss-section << /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /ColorTransform 0 /Filter /DCTDecode /Height 600 /Subtype /Image /Type /XObject /Width 900 /Length 63000 >> %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C At the instrument's maximum depth of 1,000 to 6,500 feet (300 to 2,000 meters), the wire breaks. can carry/transport. Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of the moon and Earth. The speed of a shallow-water wave is proportional to___? Oceanography Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Surface Currents Click card to see definition These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. The layering of sediment that forms in most sedimentary and igneous rocks. the convergence, or blending, of many fans; these are common in dry climates, and can be narrow, few streams of water, or be wide, where dozens of alluvial fans converge. A high, often breaking wave generated by a tide crest that advances rapidly up an estuary or river. On average, there is a distinct decrease of _______ near the equator at both poles, although for different reasons. a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline. the fine sediment carried within the body of flowing water, the sediment carried along the bed (bottom) of the river, total amount of sediments a river is capable of transporting, maximum particle size that a river is capable of transporting at a given point. $7 Jj(c~*%Kny
+Water always flows downhill perpendicular to the contour lines. In this event, students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earth's fresh waters. Are whales and other animals affected by changes in ocean circulation due to sea ice melting? A phenomenon in which Earth's plates split apart causing more rock to erupt to the ocean floor. About US; Channels; Contact; Packages; Tata sky; Main menu A sudden, violent flood that occurs within a few hours, or even minutes, of a storm. Sometimes called the abyssal zone, it extends from 13,100 feet (4,000 meters) to 19,700 ft. (6,000 meters). what happens if a swimmer gets caught in a rip current? These tides result in little variation in the height of tides. The normal range of ocean _______ ranges between 33 to 37 g per liter (33 - 37) however, there are areas of high and low _______. endobj High score wins. If so, what determines any shape to gyres in the oceans? A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient.