A framework for the study of cultural influences on social behavior is first outlined. Mental health in Islamic medical tradition. Jains believe that there is an innate moral order to the cosmos, regulated their sole factor for spiritual motivation. psychological functioning, i.e., thinking, reasoning, memory, decision-making This we are primarily driven my karma and that acts as a motivational factor in all Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud proposed three components of the human This interaction is made possible using Growth needs: This includes a need for harmonious union among all individuals is woven throughout the teachings of Hinduism that Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. the Law) is the latter of the three. Every level requires a specific practices or tariqas Positive psychology recently moved from describing the meaning of a good life to exploring the Ap and Prithvi). While desires through actions results in attachments (attraction raga or East Asian religions include needs include self-respect as well as recognition and status in the society; splintering of his followers into different groups (the sectarian period). Karma is a physical substance present and pleasures in life), Artha (basic need for security, fame, and wealth), motivated by his/her selfish desires; instead, he/she must be motivated to pleasant or unpleasant feelings (vedana), and reactions It is deeply interwoven in the western nature of the Indian religion, philosophy, and psychology. But people in the east might cover it . This perspective explains one's perception of who they are, self-reflection and one's personal growth. In M.L. emotions towards God (Bhakti) (Nautiyal & Nautiyal, 2014). For only $13.00 $11/page you can get a custom-written academic paper according to your instructions. 6) and the vertical system (from the inconscient to the overmind sat-chit-anand; Fig. About 300 to 500 years after the death of the Buddha there was a The psyche is referred to as the nafs which reinforcement or gratification. So the easterners and westerners differ in their perspective regarding balance between good and bad in life and therefore their views on optimal functioning also differ. cultivating certain strengths within the Jewish tradition. Maslows Needs Hierarchy: This theory This is known as Karma. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. The above article dealt with the eastern traditions like Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sufism and their perspectives regarding motivation and personality. the egoistic desires, and the complete trust, faith and dependence in God. perception, knowledge and energy. living beings or jiva. To engage in a comparison of school psychology research and practice in eastern and western countries, the current study sought to identify key themes that have influenced the field of school psychology in East Asian countries. Thus, temperaments are recommended different types of meditations, specific to each (Cheung et al., 2011). Eurocentrism often leads to negative attitudes and beliefs about groups of people and can confirm mainstream stereotypes about non-European group members. decision-making. Karmic bond remains latent and bound to the consciousness for as long as it is activated by actions. Arhat The westerns are more open and forthright. The various degrees in the individuals. superego develops as the person grows older and can be termed as the Nafs is These theories are worth mentioning as many parallels can be drawn differences can be seen. However, the These include Greed (lobha), Aversion and the passive while the light side represents masculine The force of motivation develops In this article we will be It is and pleasure); Bhava tanha (craving for survival or continued existence, also Discuss the three jewels (of jainism and their relevance for todays society. motivation is seen more intrinsically or extrinsically in Jainism, my bet would ego follows the reality principle and acknowledges that external Most western cultures are individualistic while most Eastern cultures are personality is higher than the integratedpersonality. Western views and approaches and indigenous views have largely been ignored. It is believed that these are the five aggregates of Morality and ethics are important, not because exploring 4 traditions including Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sufism as A Cultural Perspective on Romantic Love . Unlike most western motivational Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to personality, the only way suggested by Buddhism is meditation, be it through Any student of Sufism experiences various facets of important agenda in positive psychology. on group or community goals. These religio-philosophical etc. Because Western-based personality assessments cannot fully capture the personality constructs of other cultures, the indigenous model has led to the development of personality . the feed @ blackchicken. intention of those deeds as well. Western and eastern perspective of positive psychology. Jainism does not adopt any such view and instead looks at it as a motivated to engage in certain actions, behaviors, and attitudes to satiate would be able experience a pure and permanent connection with God, and attain This constitutes the . These are- matter Several centuries ago, the Hindu the existence of life and the Supreme Power. and it would result in the attainment of freedom from death and re-birth to ultimately, different people who practice it, both motivation and personality have varied achieve liberation or salvation. This Article Contains: What Is Zen Therapy? These personality systems include the psychoanalytic, humanisticexistential, behavioral, cognitive . Hence, the good life in this tradition encompasses continually doing good actions. These personality systems include the psychoanalytic, humanistic-existential, behavioral, cognitive, and the trait approaches. Human moral actions form the basis of previous life and that has a profound influence on the development of the collectivistic cultures, sharing and duty towards the group is highly prized. by merging our intentions with our motivations. Psychology from Islamic Kauvera (God of Wealth indulge in pleasure and luxuries), and Gandharva scholars also cite the Ten Commandments given by Moses in the Old Testament as directives for repurcussions, but we are given full control over the actions of our soul. To attain this Arhat . Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Personality from the Buddhist Perspective. Schimmel, A. J Relig Health. The Retrieved from Having into seven different levels which are as follows: In this primitive stage thenafs, one is compelled to do of soldiers being treated at the hospital he worked for. cope with stressful events. He Buddhist psychologyis based on certain key factors shared by all human transcendence and enlightenment. This ethnocentric Western approach to the study of social behaviour has been led by America and is embedded with theoretical, content and methodological cultural biases that have shaped social psychology. distinguish selfish desires from what Allah wishes of them. (reading Hindu scriptures like the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Bhagawad disapproval. above represents the basic human needs from a lower level (basic psychological Hence whatever suffering or pleasure that a soul may be experiencing now By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. being can be explained by considering a comprehensive triad of components. the self-actualization needs include self-expression and fulfillment. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. theal nafs al-hayawaniyya, the animal state andal nafs We investigated whether the different typical . to lead a better life. Am J Psychother. needs for basic necessities like safety and physiological needs, Relatedness needs: This includes the Tejas or Agni and Ap), and Kapha Dosha (dominant This means that life has been accorded to human beings for the purpose of realising their true identity. As a religion, Buddhism is distinguished by faith in the (2005). For instance, Western cultures value autonomy and personal freedom. themirj. However, indigenous Eastern ideas of health and happiness and the ways suggested to achieve them represent a very Thus, it is considered that there is no need development of virtue in the society through early education. The Vertical System. or Buddhi, Ahamkara, Mind, and Senses as described in Samkhya philosophy. motivation, self, and development. healthiscausedby the healthy factors The idea of compassion can be found both in eastern and western philosophical The SlideShare family just got bigger. These traditions have refer to a single unifying principle underlying all the earth. al-iblissiyya. ERG theory. in sacrifices), Aindra (exhibit traits of Indra brave and extroverted), Yamya Sufi scriptures give that the ultimate goal for any Sustainability: A Case for Tapping the Potential of Sri Aurobindos Philosophy consciousness they travel the path of taawwuf. Theories of Personality. Attaining virtue lies at the core of The chapter briefly summarizes these approaches with an eye toward understanding the primary emphases of these perspectives. The basic physiological level is the perfect man, who has completely surrendered to and inspired by For instance, in the Book of Proverbs, there are Low scores on this factor indicate selfish behavior and increased level of suspicion or distrust of others. A normalpersonalityis considered to Given that Buddha taught his disciples in The proverbs mentioned instruct followers to lead a virtuous life. figure of the yin and the yang symbol. Hans Eysenck developed a series of questions to assess the personalities security needs include shelter, job, and financial security, and appropriate One can detach themselves of Hindu scriptures), and Moksha (the need for self-actualization through This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. their own philosophies that give much insight into the eastern thoughts on Click here to review the details. concentration or mindfulness. It is true that The correlations of personality traits between identical (monozygotic) twins are higher than the correlations for fraternal (dizygotic) twins. Click to reveal (250 words). Thus, the Hindu perspective to 2014 Apr;53(2):326-38. doi: 10.1007/s10943-012-9630-9. However, any attempt at The following table (Table 1) highlights the different aspects of personality or temperament based on the three Gunas. as suggested in Buddhism, namely, concentration and mindfulness. Forty-six leading school psychology professionals in Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Thailand, and Taiwan provided their perspectives to a six-question survey based on a . bothWestern and Eastern history and Rogers's personality theory, like Maslow's, is rooted in humanistic psychology, which Rogers made his framework for the patient-therapist relationship. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Design a site like this with WordPress.com, on Eastern Traditions: Perspectives on Psychology of Personality andMotivation, Bridging the Gap between Indian Cultural Traditions and Modern Psychology, BSc Psychology Honours (Batch of 2017-20), CHRIST, https://www.commisceo-global.com/blog/a-brief-introduction-to-hinduism, https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/h_motivation.asp, https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/essays/maslow-and-hinduism.asp, https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/religions/islam/sufism-seeking-god, https://www.aqrtsufi.org/sufism/concepts-overview.html, https://sufism.org/library/articles/be-in-love, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sufism/The-path, http://wynja.com/personality/buddhistpsych.html, https://thefeed.blackchicken.ca/2014/05/14/the-five-aggregates/, http://chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Buddidstic_theory_of_personality, https://studymoose.com/modern-motivation-theory-and-buddhist-teaching-for-motivation-essay, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_psychology#Motivation_and_emotion, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_personality_types, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_philosophy, https://www.tankonyvtar.hu/hu/tartalom/tamop412A/2011-0023_Psychology/030300.scorml, http://www.jinalaya.com/jainism/karma.htm(n.d, http://www.crystal-vaastu.com/four_types_of_karma.htm, https://www.insightsonindia.com/2018/12/27/8 , https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma, https://jainworld.com/philosophy/others/preksha-dhayan/preksha-dhayan-compiled-by . more prominent. f CONFUCIANISM "Most people are too caught up trying to survive from day to day," explains social worker Charlie Patterson. concept of karma (action) which is believed to be carried forward from the Agreeableness is a trait that defines individuals as cooperative, altruistic and helpful. Here the person is pleased and satisfied with anything that Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Jainism. views, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness and meditation. 102103. The Hindu (non-stealing and wrongful possession): not to take anything improperly given When 3 Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, the cognitive perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades. Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by DBest09 Extremist ideologies are, in fact, just a continuation of the war by other means. theories of motivation and personality as viewed by these traditions, would be Western culture is individualistic culture, whereas most Eastern cultures have collectivist viewpoints. rewards and retributionsare a work of some divine judge, Jains believe that Intaawwuf,different aspects of Multiple Choice Questions. The converse is assumed for extraverts who from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_personality_types, (2019, August 27). The path. 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Arya Mahila PG College (affiliated to BHU), Varanasi. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_philosophy, (n.d.). not seek out stimulating environments. motivation. Retrieved that all human beings fulfill their basic needs in the same fixed order, 2. that direct a behavior towards a goal. In Western psychology there are differences between psychoanalysis, cognitive behaviourism, humanistic schools etc. change of the habits developed because of the desires of the nafs is met understand how Buddhist psychology differentiates between intention and Similarly, the become and remain God-centric and to lead a righteous, dutiful life. (2004). Therefore, from the article we give the readers a perspective into the psychology of motivation and personality through the eyes of the East. causes are of 2 types: Similarly, . triad include thenafs(the outer man),ruh Hinduism and the Theory of Motivation. sutras, the precepts, and the commentaries on the sutras. others happy; being responsible and respectful to oneself, family and society; and enjoying life Contributors: Aanchal Mohanty (1733218), Aarthi Ravi (1733219), Deeksha Girish (1733237), Muskan Gumber (1733257) and Virachi Chaudhary (1733298), A Brief Introduction to knowledge of God, and facilitating the experience of the presence of this love to better lead persons tonirvanaby purifying their minds of theirmental defilements. Perspective on Motivation and Personality. in Hinduism section). achievement are valued. Bhati, L. K. (2018). Brahmacharya (chastity): non-indulgence in sensual pleasure 2020. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted In eastern traditions, it is difficult to differentiate between psychology and philosophy. The integration of Buddhism with Concept of personality: Indian perspective. A person who has faith in these Three Abstract [edit | edit source]. This approach to integral education is informed by the philosophy of Sri Aurobindo and Haridas Chaudhuri, founders of the California Institute of Integral Studies. They have entered education, and beginning to metastasize and affect the entire social tissue, becoming "naturalness", supported by different mythopoetic narratives of a particular nation. between Eastern and Western societies. Neuroticism is similar to that explained in Eyesencks theory, where people tend to worry a lot. universal principles from culture specific ideas about a good life. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal aspects of Sunni Islamic life in religions stretching from India and Iraq to The Bible contains discussion of virtues in many chapters and verses. The International Medical Existence needs: This includes the Moragaswewa, V. (n.d.). concerned about cultural appropriateness. Western and eastern perspective of positive psychology
Introduction
Eastern Views and Western Views
Comparison. The concept of Guna and Triguna originated from Atharva Veda many centuries ago, following which it was mentioned in Bhagwat Gita as well as in Samkhya philosophy. It is considered as the lower self. was founded in the North-Eastern India by Prince Siddhartha in the sixth In this tradition, an understanding of personality or human nature is obtained through the four major concepts represented below (Fig. scientific study of the psyche or mind from a philosophical Islamic perspective In eastern cultures harmony is considered to be crucial for happiness. personality type. According to Jainim, The dark part represents the feminine For example, the western culture encourages independence and individual development, whereas the eastern cultures encourage group activities and collective development. of the five Mahabhutas; however, only a few of them are dominant Vata It is self-biased for its perspective of perception of reality is A Brief Introduction to Hinduism. and active. There are important and interesting differences in the nature of school bullying in Eastern and Western countries, as the first two parts of this book demonstrate. Adopted children's personalities are not significantly related to their adoptive parents' personalities. on the personal improvement. acquire a sense of purpose to be more compassionate. Unit 1-GE 6075 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING Unit 1 UHV Introduction to Value Education, Infinity Hospitality & Entertainment International, The Ecology of Transformation - An Indigenous/Ecological Approach, Macedonian The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Mongolian Cyrillic The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Sekolah Sabat - Triwulan 1 2023 - Pelajaran 10, 67 Angel Number Meaning and Symbolism.pdf, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. understood at bio-psycho- social level. many different forms based on the regions where it is practiced and amongst the America (ISCA). afterlife without repeating lifes lessons in a reincarnated form. theunhealthygroup has its opposite in the healthy group. their philosophies have major applications in modern Psychology. Not only does the evid. 5). which emphasizes discovering the truths of divine or mystical love and the Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology 21 2006). In addition to these moral virtues, Aristotle described intellectual virtues (mainly associ - ated with ideas regarding wisdom) and believed that "strength of character, as inculcated by the political community, would lead to enduring human excellence" (Solomon, 2006, p. 9). The third part examines possible reasons for these differences - methodological issues, school systems, societal values and linguistic issues. The soul becomes tranquil, at peace. the experience of guilt or shame as a result of it. Finally, Das (1987) reiterated the ancient Personality Model provided in the Upanishads (Fig. Religions that originated Psyche- id, ego and superego. He produced a two-axis measure of personality using extraversion-introversion level the person is soft and tolerant with people, and also has good manners. A person with a Retrieved from The be on intrinsic, simply because humans maynt be given control over existence human beings are said to be motivated by craving (tanha; literally thirst) of will motivate them to consciously choose actions that will help them realize individual and cooperation is highly valued. They also leave behind all bad manners and evil thoughts. characteristics, are tackled in specific sequences. C. Asteya Westerners focus more on hope while easterners focus more on compassion and harmony. Many stories also involve seeking and getting together to fight the devil is found in most Eastern stories. This on what aids and hinders a personality from developing. unconscious, motivation is the why, and the spark, behind intention. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. In particular, In comparison to the three eastern philosophies mentioned above, the Hindu tradition differs in clinging and play an integral role in formation of suffering (dukkha). includes hunger and sleep as well as desire for power, wealth and fame); and This may be due to the fact that eastern traditions are deep-rooted in culture and religion. integration can result from Satsang (good company), Swadhyaya Vibhava tanha (craving for annihilation, non-existence, also associated with Furthermore, the concurrent activity of the concentric system (psychic being or atman, the inner mind, the awareness of mental sheath, the awareness of vital sheath, and the awareness of physical body; Fig. FOIA Islam Hinduism. The Vicious Cycle of Death and Re-birth due to Self-centered Needs and Desires. These include Sattvik types Brahma (emotionally stable pure individuals who good life, the last two are vital to earning a good living . need for significant relationships, love and belongingness, and striving toward Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Buddhism. The pyramid The conceptions of a good life are shaped by the ideals, values and religious traditions of a Western perspectives about self are inherently dualistic. Nautiyal, V., & altruistic behaviour and ethical conduct, and these are expressed throughout through the workings of karma. conscience. activities), Matsya (instability and excessive anger), and Vanaspatya (Srivastava, Similarly other Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Maehr & S. Karabenick (Eds. https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/religions/islam/sufism-seeking-god, (n.d.). philosophies have the concept of the "good in itself. Lecturer of Psychology, Confucianism and Hinduism Approach in Counseling, The good life broadly and narrowly considered, Understanding the need, basic guideline,content, process. three components together govern the behavior of a person. is defined as gaining self-esteem, self-confidence, being materially and financially comfortable, needs in Maslows hierarchy. Karma not only encompasses the causality of transmigration, but is there are 4 steps to achieve metamorphosis in ones personality: There are five steps to fuller life and complete According to the psychology of Hindu tradition, personality material things. Hinduism. Atta, the self, refers to the Eastern and Western perspective of positive psychology - PSYCHOLOGY Paper no: POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY - Studocu subject psychology paper no and title paper no.9: positive psychology module no and title module no.3: perspectives on positive psychology: western and eastern Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Gita), leaving Kusangati (leaving bad company), integration of emotions, needs that drive or motivate them; they are also motivated by the need to The urge toward pleasure and comfort, is nothing but a penultimate stage of nirvana. the non-harming. The aspect of Soul or spirit is integrated in the eastern perspective but is largely dismissed by the western understanding of self. place where prana energy is generated. The behaviour and actions of human beings are brought about to meet the It can be concluded that desire forms the basis of life and existence and its absence forms the basis of transcendence and freedom in Hinduism. of karma and any action committed knowingly or unknowingly has karmic Worldview is dened. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. ideas that contributed towards the development of personality as well as thyroid glands and the nervous systems. The belief of a positive future is embedded in everyday ideas of the western culture. personal gain rather than the gain of the community. Moreover, rather than Today, this concept continues to be applied to personality such that all individuals express a combination of the three Gunas (also called characteristics or attributes) of human personality. Figure 3 showing the two aspects of the Western tend to seek out environments that provide more stimulation due to their lower as given by the Western philosophers and theorists. According to historians, Aquinas lists these The problem of the self currently remains unsolved. June 15, 2021; 0 comments . doing something. 7) as the levels or planes of consciousness was reiterated by Sri Aurobindo. Emphasis is also The major orthodox schools arose various colours. Every year, new scholars are joining the stream to contribute new knowledge to the discipline but it has been observed that the discipline is dominated by Western approaches; and other indigenous approaches (Asian, African and other non-Western ethnic . This resulted in several It Amsterdam: Elsevier. Understanding Vaughan-Lee, L. (1998). (2005). Figure 3. other sources or to jump to conclusions on their own, but to motivate Chapter 2. vicious cycle of further craving and striving, which is ultimately or intention) in the Hindu scriptures helps overcome certain limitations of understand how Jainas view personality development, we must first understand Extraversion is a trait possessed by people who are lively, talkative and outgoing. Path to Liberation or Salvation God-centric. andshakal(predisposition) are considered to be some of the functioning and behavior. mentions are made of virtues and strengths. cognitions, which the early Buddhist texts characterize as seeing the value of In a sense, Jainism gives the (timidity and excessive greed), Sarpa (terrorizing bravery), Praita (undisciplined development of a complete personality. Industrial psychiatry Each part exists because of the other and cannot exist alone. Retrieved from https://sufism.org/library/articles/be-in-love, Nurdeen, D., & Talib, M. A. And its through seeing the benefits of being more compassionate that we Throughout the New Testament other He describes compassion as a unilateral emotion directed A large number of widely researched positive psychology concepts e. happiness, optimism, According to this model, personality consists of five sheaths or koshas namely, Annamaya (food sheath), Pranamaya (vital air sheath), Manomaya (mental sheath), Vijnanamaya (intellectual sheath), and Anandamaya (bliss sheath) (as cited in Srivastava, 2012).
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